Professional, peer-reviewed papers about Ancient Egypt from the perspective of biblical chronology and the founding of nations after Babel.
The Place of the Exodus in Egyptian History: Reply # 2
A. John M. Osgood • May 25, 2022
Many agree that biblical chronology is basic to understanding the history of Egypt. However, my placement of the Exodus at 1446 BC has been misunderstood.
The Place of the Exodus in Egyptian History: Reply # 1
Robert M. Porter • May 25, 2022
It is impossible to run Dynasty 6 of the Old Kingdom in parallel with Dynasty 12 of the Middle Kingdom as some Christian chronologers claim.
The Place of the Exodus in Egyptian History: Comments
Anne Habermehl • May 25, 2022
Placing the Exodus at the end of the Old Kingdom of Egypt fits with the biblical narrative, Egyptian history, and the Conquest that followed 40 years later.
The Place of the Exodus in Egyptian History: Comments
A. John M. Osgood • March 2, 2022
The Egyptian king lists have been arranged sequentially as was common in the ancient world, but they often were listing parallel and with overlapping dynasties.
The Place of the Exodus in Egyptian History
Robert M. Porter • Feb. 16, 2022
Egyptian history will be explored, looking for potential shortenings, with a view to putting the Exodus at the end of the Old Kingdom, a time when Egypt collapsed.
Refuting Challenges to the Accepted Chronology of Achaemenid Empire
Kenneth C. Griffith , et. al. • March 31, 2021
This paper examines the chronology of the Neo-Babylonian and Achaemenid Empires and weighs Martin Anstey’s claim that 82 years of history was fabricated.
Biblical Problems with Identifying Tall el-Hammam as Sodom
Simon Turpin • March 10, 2021
A number of evangelical archaeologists and biblical scholars have concluded that the best candidate to date for biblical Sodom is to be found north-east of the Dead Sea at Tall el-Hammam.
Rameses III and Tel Lachish—A Test Case For the Egyptian Chronology of David Down
Gregory Iocco • July 29, 2020
Remains at Tel Lachish show a stratigraphy that discredits Velikovsky’s theory concerning Rameses III and invalidates the framework of Down’s revised Egyptian chronology.
Blessed Be Assyria
Gregory D. Cook • Dec. 14, 2016
Judgment in Nahum follows the pattern of Babel. God would come down, incapacitate a rebellion, and scatter rebels. This contradicts a widely-held belief.
Worldview Bias and the Origin of Hebrew Worship
Scott Aniol • July 15, 2015
Secularists claim that similarities between Israel’s worship and that of other nations in the OT prove Israel’s worship was rooted in its neighbors religion.
An Analysis of the Dodwell Hypothesis
Dr. Danny R. Faulkner • May 15, 2013
Danny R. Faulkner, AiG–U.S., examines the Dodwell hypothesis, that the earth underwent a catastrophic impact in 2345 BC that altered its axial tilt and then gradually recovered by about 1850.
Ancient Egyptian Chronology and the Book of Genesis
Matt McClellan • Aug. 24, 2011
This paper will look at the different possibilities that can be constructed concerning how long each dynasty lasted and how they relate to the biblical dates of the Flood, Tower, and Patriarchs.
Ancient Egypt on Answers Research Journal
The origin of Egyptian civilization and the long sequence of its iconic rulers–the pharaohs–has both fascinated and challenged biblical scholars. The Bible names a grandson of Noah as the patriarch of the Egyptian people (Genesis 10:6, 13; 50:11). In contrast, conventional scholarship calculates the beginning of Egypt’s kingdom to c. 3000 BC, following a lengthy period of early settlement in the Nile valley. This traditional version of Egyptian history far exceeds the biblical date for the Genesis Flood and the repopulation of the earth by Noah’s descendants after Babel.
The focus of these papers in Answers Research Journal (ARJ) is to align Egyptian chronology with Old Testament history. These professional, peer-reviewed papers challenge reconstructions of Egypt’s history that extend beyond the human dispersion from Babel. They present alternate models that fit within the biblical framework and critique or revise models that fail to align with either the Bible’s narrative or extrabiblical evidence from the ancient world. Our journal considers the sequence of Egyptian history through the disciplines of biblical scholarship, geology, archaeology, Egyptology, and more.
The kingdom of Egypt features repeatedly in the Bible’s account, beginning with Abraham’s visit there, recorded in Genesis 12:10. Key events in biblical history, like Joseph’s seven-year famine (Genesis 41–47), the Exodus under Moses (Exodus 1–14), and the plundering of Solomon’s Temple by Pharaoh Shishak (1 Kings 14:25-26; 2 Chronicles 12:1–9), are all points where the biblical narrative interweaves with Egyptian history. Discussions about these and other synchronisms are vital for correctly aligning the sequence of Egypt’s pharaohs and for establishing a plausible reconstruction of Egyptian history consistent with a post-Babel origin.